#The Muslim World In The 21st Century PDF

In addition to the important breaking points of the last century – such as the abolition of the Caliphate, the World Wars, the Cold War, the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Iranian Revolution and the foundation of a ‘New World Order’ which directly affected Muslim societies – the new conjuncture formed in the wake of the 9/11 attacks brought about various structural problems and changes in the Muslim world. Political and economic developments in the last ten years in particular have brought many Muslim countries to the edge of crisis. Along with political, economic and social issues, the fact that modernisation and secularisation have become dominant in Muslim societies shows that the outcomes of these changes are of great importance. In this respect, this book offers a significant contribution to debates on the processes of change and transformation in the Muslim world. In addition to theoretical debates, the main dynamics of political and social change in Muslim societies are discussed here using specific examples from each country. As such, this volume will provide the reader with a practical understanding of the historical turning points in the Muslim world over recent years.

In this accessible and carefully researched text, the authors broach one of the most urgent issues thrown up by the process of contemporary globalisation the future of the Muslim World. Their analysis probes the key material links between economic underdevelopment and Western Islamic cultural relations. This book is vital reading for anyone who wishes to understand the roots of the current high profile tension in global politics and to think beyond these conflicts towards the task of building a just and peaceful global order.

Islam is not only a religion, but also a culture, tradition, and civilization. There are currently 1.5 billion people in the world who identify themselves as Muslim. Two thirds of the worldwide Muslim population, i.e. approximately a billion people, live in forty-eight Muslim majority countries (MMC) in the world– all of which except one are in Africa and Asia. Of these MMCs in Africa and Asia, only twelve (inhabited by about 165 million people) have ever achieved a high score on the Human Development Index (HDI), the index that measures life expectancy at birth, education and standard of living and ranks how "developed" a country is. This means that the majority of the world's Muslim population lives in poverty with low or medium level of human development. The contributions to this innovative volume attempt to determine why this is. They explore the influence of environment, space, and power on human development. The result is a complex, interdisciplinary study of all MMCs in Africa and Asia. It offers new insights into the current state of the Muslim World, and provides a theoretical framework for studying human development from an interdisciplinary social, cultural, economic, environmental, political, and religious perspective, which will be applicable to regional and cultural studies of space and power in other regions of the world.

This engaging introduction to Islam examines its lived reality,its worldwide presence, and the variety of beliefs and practicesencompassed by the religion. The global perspective uniquelycaptures the diversity of Islam expressed throughout differentcountries in the present day. A comprehensive, multi-disciplinary, and global introduction toIslam, covering its history as well as current issues, experiences,and challenges Incorporates key new research on Muslims from a variety ofcountries across Europe, Latin America, Indonesia, and MalaysiaCentral Asia Directly addresses controversial issues, including politicalviolence and ‘terrorism’, anti-western sentiments, andIslamophobia Explores different responses from various Islamic communitiesto globalizing trends Highlights key patterns within Islamic history that shed lightupon the origins and evolution of current movements andthought

Asian Islam in the 21st century is divided into two sections: religion, politics and society in major Muslim majority countries and ethnic and religious politics in Muslim minority communities. Muslims in Asia are affacted by what is happening in the Arab Middle East and the Western part of the Islamic world.

Sets out the challenges presented to Muslim societies by Western dominance over the past two hundred years, and explores Muslim responses, particularly in the context of South Asia. Over the past two hundred years, two great processes have shaped Muslim societies: Western domination and the industrial capitalism that came with it, and the Islamic revival that preceded the Western presence but came to interact significantly with it. In this book, Francis Robinson considers the challenges Western dominance has offered key aspects of Muslim civilization, particularly in the context of South Asia, which in the nineteenth century moved from being a receiver of influences from the rest of the Muslim world to being a transmitter of influences to it. Robinson also considers aspects of the Muslim revival and how they have come to shape, in various ways, Muslim responses to Western dominance. The role of the transmission of knowledge, both formal and spiritual, in forming Muslim societies is explored, and also the particular role of the transmitters in sustaining the Islamic dimensions of Muslim societies under Western dominance. Attention, too, is paid to the imposition of the modern state and the restriction of cosmopolitan spaces. Francis Robinson is Professor of the History of South Asia at Royal Holloway, University of London. His many books include Islam and Muslim History in South Asia; The ‘Ulama of Farangi Mahall and Islamic Culture in South Asia; and Islam, South Asia, and the West.

Provides a comprehensive survey of the key events and personalities of this period.

Iran is an ancient country, an oil-exporting economy and an Islamic Republic. It experienced two full-scale revolutions in the twentieth century, the latter of which had large and important regional and international consequences, including an eight-year war with Saddam Hussein’s Iraq. And now in the twenty-first century, it confronts issues and experiences problems which have important implications for its future development and external relations. Featuring outstanding contributions from leading sociologists, social anthropologists, political scientists and economists in the field of Iranian studies, this book is the first to examine Iran and its position in the contemporary world. In developing this argument, topics examined include: social developments in the country including gender relations contemporary politics international relations relations with the US and Israel nuclear weapons and energy programmes oil and the development of the economy.

Since the events of 9/11 and 7/7, Islam and Muslims have increasingly been on the receiving end of a barrage of criticism. Many of the Islamic thoughts and practices have come under unprecedented attack under the banner of Freedom. The caricatures of Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) and the banning of the Hijab in France are just two examples of the attempts of western secular countries to actively malign Islam. This attack on Islam and Muslims is however not restricted to certain Islamic thoughts and practices. Rather the whole concept of Shari'ah, the Islamic legal System, is ferociously attacked. The media portrayal of life under Shari'ah where beating of women, beheadings and lashings are everyday occurrences, are now all too familiar images. Since the demise of Islam at a state level, the Shari'ah has ceased to be the basis of legislation in the Muslim world. What remains of the Shari'ah in the Muslim world is only a few scattered laws that are applied haphazardly. This has erroneously given the impression of the unsuitability of Shar'iah in the 21st century to deal with new issues and to solve modern, day-to-day problems. This booklet will explore and contrast some of the problems of the 21st century and compare the manner in which secularism and Islam attempt to solve them. This booklet will look at how the Shari'ah texts are capable of dealing with any issue, be they social, economic or international. The book will scrutinise the applicability of the shari'ah in the 21st century through looking at a variety of 21st century issues. A comparison will be made between the Shari'ah approach to tackling issues and the secular methodology and its effects.

This book provides a data-based approach to present and future developments in the Muslim world. It focuses on the economics of the Muslim world, including hot topics such as terrorism and oil-prices and also suggests an approach that deals with the high illiteracy rates and inadequate education facilities in many Muslim countries.

Muslim Education in the 21st Century reinvestigates the current state of affairs in Muslim education in Asia whilst at the same time paying special attention to Muslim schools’ perception of educational changes and the reasons for such changes. It highlights and explores the important question of whether the Muslim school has been reinventing itself in the field of pedagogy and curriculum to meet the challenges of the 21st century education. It interrogates the schools whose curriculum content carry mostly the subject of religion and Islam as its school culture. Typologically, these include state-owned or privately-run madrasah or dayah in Aceh, Indonesia; pondok, traditional Muslim schools largely prevalent in the East Malaysian states and Indonesia; pesantren, Muslim boarding schools commonly found in Indonesia; imam-khatip schools in Turkey, and other variations in Asia. Contributed by a host of international experts, Muslim Education in the 21st Century focuses on how Muslim educators strive to deal with the educational contingencies of their times and on Muslim schools’ perception of educational changes and reasons for such changes. It will be of great interest to anyone interested in Asian and Muslim education.

Essays in the fourth volume examine key themes and flashpoints: the 'Bush Doctrine', the Iraq War, the rise of Islamic Fundamentalism, US relations with the UN, and many others.